We derive a novel estimation approach to quantify three-party relocation effects in a dyadic framework. Applied to the effects of civil conflicts on trade, we find robust evidence that importers substitute away from exporters that are engaged in conflict. This trade relocation persists after the...

This paper extends the results of Rodrik (1998), Alesina and Wacziarg (1998), Ram (2009), Jetter and Parmeter (2015), Musau (2018) and other replication studies by providing dynamic panel estimates of the influence of country size and openness on government size. The estimates suggest that past...

This paper envisages economies of scale - or rather, diseconomies of low scale - caused in small nations by a sometimes acute shortage of talent and to indivisibility of teams: for example, a small country such as Iceland or Luxembourg cannot participate in an international football tournament...

I search for a %u201Cscale%u201D effect in countries. I use a panel data set that includes 200 countries over forty years and link the population of a country to a host of economic and social phenomena. Using both graphical and statistical techniques, I search for an impact of size on the level...

I search for a "scale" effect in countries. I use a panel data set that includes 200 countries over forty years and link the population of a country to a host of economic and social phenomena. Using both graphical and statistical techniques, I search for an impact of size on the level of income,...

This paper explores the determinants of public employment across the world and finds that it is negatively associated with country size (by population) and positively associated with the income level. The findings show that a country's openness to trade is positively associated with public...