obtain a network structure. Subsequent studies combined the estimated networks with traditional pricing or risk measurement …

-economic network theories (e.g. entropy maximization, spatial interaction theory, etc.); (ii) the nature of the analytical relationship … investigates - from a methodological viewpoint - the relationship between network connectivity and the rank-size rule (or Zipf …'s law) in an urban-economic network constellation. After a review of the literature, we address in particular the following …

, highlighting the importance of the demand effect for Germany. Allowing for heterogeneous network effects shows that at least some … but from African or middle-eastern countries that do not have a large migrant network in Germany. …