size, openness and economic growth. In fact, more trade openness increases government size, which lays stabilizer role … and less incentives for large market to increase openness than the small markets. Finally, economic growth and government … openness from other side, where as per capita expenditure on public goods is lower, and large markets enjoy more productivity …

We build and estimate a structural dynamic general equilibrium model of growth and trade. Trade affects growth through …, growth affects trade, directly through changes in country size and indirectly through altering the incidence of trade costs …. Theory translates into an intuitive econometric system that identifies the causal impact of trade on income and growth, and …

Our paper examines the triangular relationships between energy consumption, trade openness and economic growth of 45 … long run. Interestingly, the impact of energy consumption on economic growth is larger than the impact of trade openness …, trade openness evidence larger impact on energy consumption than the impact of economic growth. However, the effect of …

financial development promotes the economic growth of the country. Moreover, Investment, human capital, trade openness and …The present study aims to investigate the financial liberalisation and growth nexus in Pakistan by using the FM … government expenditure are also significant contributors to economic growth. …