When estimating future or pro forma financial statements and free cash flows we need to estimate future prices. In doing this we must estimate nominal increases in prices of many items, for instance selling prices, inputs prices (raw material, labor, overhead, etc.), cost of future debt, and...

Through this paper the author discusses the phenomenon of excessive Government borrowing and the factors that lead Governments to be so dependent on financial markets. It is argued that the combined effect of unregulated financial intermediaries, hedge funds and Credit Rating Agencies in...

We assess the impact of credit constraints on investment, inventories and other working capital and firm growth with a large panel of small and medium-sized enterprises from 12 European countries for the period 2014-2016. The data come from the Survey on the access to finance of enterprises...

We examine the determinants of corporate liquidity management through the lens of an estimated dynamic model of corporate investment and financing. When external finance is costly, firms can absorb shocks and cover liquidity needs by holding cash and by drawing down credit lines. In contrast to...

We derive and develop a simple and intuitive model that shines fresh light on the relentless debate over whether corporate ownership converges to the Berle-Means modern corporation with high stock ownership dispersion. Our model takes into account the importance of both protective legal...

The theory of cost of capital (long-term) assets [Sharpe, 1964, Lintner, 1965, Mossin, 1966] based on G. Markovits's model [Markovitz, 1952,1059], for many years forms base for estimated calculations in the investment analysis and corporate finance. But it implicitly means an assumption that the...

This paper contributes to studies on corporate liquidity management. It explores the determinants of cash holdings of firms in emerging countries using panel data models. The results indicate that highly liquid firms in emerging countries show one or more of the following characteristics. They...

The global economy is in the midst of an unprecedented slump caused by the coronavirus pandemic. This systemic risk like no other at a time of record-breaking debt levels, especially among nonfinancial firms across the world, could exacerbate corporate vulnerabilities, deepen macro-financial...

The shadow wage is the social opportunity cost of labor. After reviewing earlier theoretical and empirical literature, we define four labor market conditions: fairly socially efficient (FSE), quasi-Keynesian unemployment (QKU), urban labor dualism (ULD) and rural labor dualism (RLD). We offer,...

Discounting future costs and benefits is a crucial yet contentious practice in the appraisal of long-term public projects with environmental consequences. The standard approach typically neglects that ecosystem services are not easily substitutable with manufactured goods and often exhibit...