German Democratic Republic (GDR) German reunification in 1990 caused an exogenous reassignment of income risks. Our findings …

substantial and heterogeneous employment responses that increased average income despite reduced transfers. We find zero effects …

equivalent household income. Permanent and transitory variances of male income over the period 1984-2008 are estimated for Old … German Laender in order to determine their importance to income dynamics. To uncover the role of the welfare state in … smoothening earnings shocks we compute different income concepts reaching from gross earnings to net equivalent household income …

with ten to forty years of observations from the Panel Survey of Income Dynamics. We find that neither is strongly …

with ten to forty years of observations from the Panel Survey of Income Dynamics. We find that neither is strongly …