This paper presents several tests of the validity of data on corruption using the full range of data sets employed in cross-national corruption research. First, we show that different classes of indicators of corruption, a distinction based on who evaluates a country's level of corruption, rely...

Reputation is critical to foster trust in online marketplaces, yet leaving feedback is a public good that can be under-provided unless buyers are rewarded for it. Signaling theory implies that only high quality sellers would reward buyers for truthful feedback. We explore this scope for...