How much innovation will be needed to meet the United Nations' Sustainable Development Goals? We model shifts in the cross-country relationship between GDP per capita and achievement in key development indicators as “technological gains” and convergence to the best performers at a given...

Politicians typically focus on short-term economic issues; but, a nation’s long-term economic well-being is directly linked to its rate of economic growth. In turn, its growth rate is directly linked to the economically relevant skills of its population. Until recently, however, economists...

Intro -- Contents -- I. INTRODUCTION -- II. BASIC FRAMEWORK -- III. BASELINE CALIBRATIONS -- IV. DOMESTIC ADDITIONAL EFFORT, POVERTY TRAPS, AND "TAKEOFF" -- V. EXTENSIONS -- VI. CONCLUDING REMARKS -- REFERENCES.