This paper derives a three stage Cournot-oligopoly game for product innovation, expenditure on introducing the product and competition on the product market. Product innovation is assumed to increase consumer utility but is effective only if the innovating firm invests in marketing, so that...

Remuneration for politicians has been discussed frequently and thus, has been the subject of many reforms in recent decades. Remuneration has an influence on whether or not citizens choose to run for office as well as the amount of effort they might invest once elected. In this paper, I...

Do established parties change political institutions to disadvantage smaller, nonmainstream parties if the latters ́electoral prospects improve? We study this question with a natural experiment from the German federal state of Hesse. The experiment is the abolishment of an explicit electoral...