Euro coins have a common European side and an individual national side. Thanks to coin migration, coins bearing a … panoply of national sides are in circulation throughout the euro area. In this paper, we model the mixing of coins circulating … that, for the coin denominations €2, €1, 50 cent and 20 cent roughly the same quantity of euro coins migrate from Germany …

might lead to a significant redistribution of seigniorage wealth if current regulations prevail. In general, accession …

According to estimates using the seasonal method, the volume of euro coins held for transaction purposes in Germany in … Bundesbank) euro coins in circulation. 76% of the total volume of coins held for transaction purposes was accounted for by €1 and … €2 coins. Only in the case of €2 coins has the cash stock held for transaction purposes made a significant contribution …

coins needed in the economy by about 16% …