The global financial crisis and the coronavirus pandemic were marked by expansionary policies of key central banks in an attempt to stop the recession. The degree of expansiveness of monetary policy was unprecedented. As a result of expansionary policies, global inflation has been present since...

Only by having a proper understanding of the function of money and finance in the economy can we hope to correctly inform decision making in monetary and fiscal policy. This paper will argue that neoclassical economics fails to do this, which results in suboptimal decision making from...

Since 2008, the Eurozone has undergone two recessions, which together constitute the Great Recession. The explanation offered here attributes them to contractionary monetary policy. Interpreted in a way consistent with monetarist principles, the New Keynesian model provides the framework for...

This paper presents two issues: First, an effort to decipher the type of economic analysis and macroeconomic policies of the Economic and Monetary Union (EMU) theoretical and policy framework, which we suggest are essentially of the "new consensus" variety; Second, an argument that the...

This paper is a comprehensive study of the discussion and empirical evidence about the impact of unconventional monetary policy on bond markets. The 2007/2008 Financial Crisis marks the beginning of a new monetary policy regime in which central banks engaged in different types of large scale...

Since May 2010 at the latest, the ECB has been criticized for financing government bonds – at least indirectly – and for tolerating to be put under pressure by the fiscal side. The ECB itself has justified its securities markets programme and, thus, its government bond purchases by the need...

We examine the impact of the ECB's QE on Euro Area real GDP and core CPI with a Bayesian VAR, estimated on monthly data from 2012M6 to 2016M4. We assess the total impact via a counter-factual exercise, country-by-country and through alternative transmission channels. QE announcement shocks are...

This paper examines how monetary policy affects income inequality in 10 euro area countries over the period 1999–2014. We distinguish macroeconomic and financial channels through which monetary policy may have distributional effects. The macroeconomic channel is captured by wages and...

This paper provides new empirical evidence that bears on the efficacy of unconventional monetary policies when the main policy rate is negative. When a negative interest rate policy (NIRP) is deployed in concert with rate forward guidance (FG) and quantitative easing (QE), the identification of...