cash by households. This paper presents an estimation of the number and value of cash transactions in all 19 euro area … the value of cash usage by households in the euro area date from 2008. Since then some central banks have carried out … their own research on cash usage. This paper is the first study to measure the transaction demand for cash in the euro area …

We analyze for the first time cash holdings of private households in all euro area countries from 2002 to 2019 within a …' cash holdings, the volume of transactions and the size of the shadow economy irrespective of country size for all euro area … panel cointegration framework. Besides the traditional determinants of cash demand like transactions balances and …

- wide access to cash is fundamentally important for a healthy economy. In this study, three main research areas were …' payment choices; 3. underlying factors for holding cash in a wallet (i.e. for transactional purposes). Regression results for … income and education, or lower level of cash income are more likely to prefer and actually use electronic payment methods …

cash by households. This paper presents an estimation of the number and value of cash transactions in all 19 euro area … the value of cash usage by households in the euro area date from 2008. Since then some central banks have carried out … their own research on cash usage. This paper is the first study to measure the transaction demand for cash in the euro area …

(CBDC) in the euro area and proposes a possible design of a digital euro that allows for instant offline payments. Cash … regulations and supply-side restrictions by commercial banks. Nonetheless, overall demand for euro cash remained strong and even … consumer perspective, the digital euro will rather co-circulate with cash than replace it in transactions. …