Approximately ten years after the Lisbon Treaty came into force, the debate on reforming the European Union has reached new heights. A decade of ‚poly-crisis‘ has rattled long-held certitudes. At the same time, phenomena such as Brexit, a new European Commission, a new European Parliament,...

"The Euro Area, the Schengen Area, the Franco-German 'motor' and Nordic cooperation illustrate how differentiation has become a pervasive and significant feature of European integration. This book offers an authoritative and comprehensive examination of differentiated integration in its...