equivalents. The "quasi border"-effect in the US is weaker than in the EU and even declines more during the same time period. We …

abolition of internal border controls in most European Union member states is rightly considered a blessing to EU citizens …. Internally, the Agreement facilitates social and economic interactions without impeding the security of EU citizens. Externally …, the Schengen Agreement has also helped to spread liberal norms and promote EU policies across EU borders, whenever …

the old 15 European Union (EU) members and 12 Central and East European (CEE) economies. Border effects are estimated with … standard trade potential models. Even after a decade of regional trade liberalization, the integration of CEE and EU economies … is two to three times weaker than intra-EU integration, revealing a large potential for East–West European trade …