Throughout its history the European integration process has not undermined but rather strengthened the autonomy of Member States vis-à-vis wider societal interests in relation to political economy, labor markets and social provisions. Both the ‘golden age nation state' of the 1960s as well as...

REACH is a hybrid which from a legal as well as an organizational perspective combines hierarchy and heterarchy. Such hybridity is however not a particular feature of REACH. Rather the EU itself must be understood as a hybrid, thereby making REACH a hybrid operating within a hybrid. The hybrid...