. Unilateral decoupling of the EU from China (a doubling of trade costs) would reduce real income in the EU on average by 0 … decline by 1.4 percent (48.4 bn EUR). China would also lose from such a trade war, with real income declining by 1.3 percent …. Should the EU increase its trade barriers against all its non-European trading partners, real income in the Union would fall …

Motivation and macroeconomic context -- Trade trends and patterns and labor competitiveness -- Deepening integration … -- Services as an engine of growth : the regional dimension of trade in services -- Attracting private investment …