This paper examines whether the profit-shifting trend in Europe during 2003–2013 can be explained by tax policy changes. Consistent with prior literature, we find that affiliates' profits are sensitive to tax rate changes. However, we document that tax base–broadening reforms have mitigated...

The European Commission presented a strategy that would allow EU companies to compute their EU tax base under a single set of tax rules at the EU level and use a common formula to distribute this tax base across the individual Member States. Company Tax Reform and Formulary Apportionment in the...