The emergence of the Internet as a commercialization method has offered organizations many opportunities. However, when buyers want to execute a transaction online, a certain distrust typically accompanies the need to provide personal data. To address this problem, assurance seals have been...

This article provides a comprehensive overview of the regulations on e-commerce protection rules in China and the European Union. It starts by giving a general overview of different approaches towards consumer protection in e-commerce. This article then scrutinizes the current legal system in...

Online financial fraud targeted at consumers through phishing attacks and identity theft, for example, is a growing problem. Because it can be difficult to recover losses from the person who committed the fraud, the loss will often remain with either the financial institution or the consumer....

1 Introduction: digital transformation, big techs, and public policies -- 2 New economy(ies), new economics and new ‘digital’ rights -- 3 Big Techs, Market Power and Public Policies -- 4 Big techs and on-line information system -- 5 Private power and public policies: between antitrust and...