During the First World War, the film industry of the major European countries experienced a lasting crisis, which necessitated significant restructuring and prompted appeals for state intervention to counterbalance the invasion of American films. As the extent of this crisis did not affect all...

This paper presents estimates of lost movie sales due to unpaid movie consumption. We are the first to provide estimates that are recent, representative of the internet-using population, and cover multiple countries. Based on an online questionnaire with almost 30,000 respondents, we document...