Reaching climate stabilisation targets requires strengthening the efforts to decrease greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions across all final energy uses. The European Union (EU) and United Kingdom (UK) have decided to become the first climate neutral economic bloc by 2050, with ambitious 2030’s GHG...

This paper considers potential import routes for low-carbon and renewable hydrogen (H2) to main European markets like Germany. In particular, it analyses claims made by Hydrogen Europe and subsequently picked up by the European Commission in its Hydrogen Strategy that there will be 40GW of...

To achieve climate targets, efforts need to be made in Europe to improve energy efficiency and to expand renewable energies. Conditions for investing in renewable energies in Europe must be improved, subsidies for fossil and nuclear energy reduced. A 100 percent renewable energy system is...