Numerous empirical studies find a substantial extent of discrimination in hiring decisions. Anonymous job applications have gained attention and popularity to identify and combat this form of discrimination. To test whether their intended effects result in practice, in several European countries...

This article concentrates on two recent judgments issued by the European Court of Human Rights (ECHR) Chambers, on Centrum för Rättvisa v. Sweden and Big Brother Watch and Others v. United Kingdom, which expressly acknowledged that mass surveillance per se does not violate the Convention on...

The revised Payment Services Directive (PSD2) mandated every bank in the European Union (EU) to provide application programming interfaces (APIs) that allow every licensed company (as well as other banks) to access information gathered on customers’ payment accounts and then order payment...