There is often an implicit assumption that concern for climate change drives energy policy, but a close look at the evolution of renewable energy policy at the EU level over the last 30 years indicates it has been a 'balancing act' among multiple objectives. One objective has been to increase...

Focusing on European countries, this paper investigates the link between market-oriented institutions, as measured by the economic freedom index, and the production of energy from renewable sources. A dynamic panel approach shows that this correlation is positive and significant while the...

Alongside the remarkable deployment of renewable energy sources for electricity in Europe the power markets are growing together. An analysis focusing not only on domestic but also on cross border impacts is therefore of interest. We consider the interaction between the electricity markets of...

This paper considers potential import routes for low-carbon and renewable hydrogen (H2) to main European markets like Germany. In particular, it analyses claims made by Hydrogen Europe and subsequently picked up by the European Commission in its Hydrogen Strategy that there will be 40GW of...