Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to examine and analyze the significant qualitative factors that affect the financial performance of financial firms. The authors argue that those factors can be used as “indices of identity” or external cues that help financial firms enhance their...

Suggests that the existing literature in management on Asian corporate and industrial strategies has tended to focus on the relationship between the USA and Japan. Research has greatly neglected such comparisons between Europe and Asia, although there are recent exceptions. Aims to analyse...

Describes how the international business system has undergone dramatic changes since Vernon’s life cycle model in 1966 which postulated that international corporations could sell product sequentially ‐ first in the USA, then in Europe, and later in Japan. Other parts of the world would then...