In this paper, we discuss from an economic perspective two alternative views of restrictions of competition by sports associations. The horizontal approach views such restrictions as an agreement among the participants of a sports league with the sports association merely representing an...

We use input-output tables to estimate the import content (IC) of exports for several European countries, interpreting this as a measure of internationalisation. Between 1995 and 2000 the IC grew everywhere but in France; the transport equipment sector emerged as the most internationalised one....

Prices of many consumables differ substantially across the European Union(EU) due to natural segmentation and to the survival of residual man-made barriers. However, we do not know much about the direction and the cause of deviations among countries diamp;#64256;ering mainly in size and income of...

Most European Member States, particularly the former EU15 countries, have national systems providing universal access to health care, including pharmaceuticals. Given pressure on public budgets and rising expenditure for healthcare, national governments have introduced mechanisms to regulate...