European Studies used to be dominated by legal and political science approaches which hailed the progress of European integration and its reliance on law. The recent set of crises which struck the EU have highlighted fundamental problems in the ways and means by which European integration...

European social policy changed with the evolution of European and global capitalism, the scope and shape of European-level international institutions, the size and heterogeneity of "Europe" as a polity, and the politics of the European national welfare state. The paper outlines the long-term...

Introduction, State of the Art and Definitions -- Infrastructural Integration in the 19th Century -- Infrastructural Integration in the 20th Century -- Relationship Between Organisational Structures, Political Processes and Agreed Standards -- Political and Socio-economic Theories and...