The nexus between economic growth and military expenditure has attracted considerable attention and has been the subject of extensive theoretical and empirical work. Given the move towards the development of a Common European Security and Defence Policy (CESDP), this paper, using panel data...

This paper examines whether economic conditions affect citizens’ political self-placement on the left–right scale of the political spectrum. A cohort of factors influence and determine such self-placements by citizens including ideology, social values, partisan allegiances, class...

Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to investigate the relationship between growth, investment and military expenditure in the case of the European Union-15. Design/methodology/approach – The paper uses fixed panel models, random coefficient models and a trivariate VAR model to examine...

Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to investigate the revenue-expenditure nexus in the case of the 15 members of the European Union. Design/methodology/approach – The paper uses a VECM framework to determine the causal ordering between these two macroeconomic aggregates. Findings – The...

Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to investigate the relationship between growth, investment and military expenditure in the case of the European Union‐15. Design/methodology/approach – The paper uses fixed panel models, random coefficient models and a trivariate VAR model to examine...

Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to investigate the revenue‐expenditure nexus in the case of the 15 members of the European Union. Design/methodology/approach – The paper uses a VECM framework to determine the causal ordering between these two macroeconomic aggregates. Findings –...