This working paper presents a set of indicators to measure regional trade integration, with a special focus on the case of the European Union. We propose measures of openness, connectedness and integration which are tuned to evaluate not only how these components contribute to the advance of...

Analizamos el proceso de convergencia en los PIB per cápita de 15 economías de la Unión Europea (UE-15) y su relación con el ciclo económico durante el periodo 1980 a 2004. Procedemos en tres etapas. En primer lugar, se utilizan modelos univariantes de componentes no observables con y sin...

In this working paper we analyze the effects of the expansions of the European Union on inequality using an approach based on individuals lifecycle incomes. Such an approach allows us to consider the effect of different national growth and survival rates on inequality. It differs from the usual...