Country-specific business cycle fluctuations are potentially very costly for member states of currency unions because they lack monetary autonomy. The actual costs depend on the extent to which consumption is shielded from these fluctuations and thus on the extent of risk sharing across member...

Euro coins have a common European side and an individual national side. Thanks to coin migration, coins bearing a panoply of national sides are in circulation throughout the euro area. In this paper, we model the mixing of coins circulating in the euro area countries and in particular the extent...

This book explores the political and economic issues currently challenging EU member states. It analyses and explains how its own economic, and political, relationships have been critically influenced by fierce competition from its rivals in other major global economies, as well as by the...

1. A Hierarchy of Threats -- 2. The survival of the Euro: whatever it takes -- 3. Immigration: what now? -- 4. Populism -- 5. The EU's Illiberal Democracies -- 6. The EU, China and their changing relations -- 7. Re-invigorating the EU Project -- 8. Conclusion