Market analysts and central banks often use the implied volatility of FX options as an indicator of expected exchange … deviate the value of implied volatility from the exchange rate variability expected by the market. These biasing factors are … one month. However, implied volatility provides a biased estimate, and does not encompass the information included in …

We introduce an asymptotic expansion for forward start options in a multi-factor local-stochastic volatility model. We … derive explicit approximation formulas for the so-called forward implied volatility which can be useful to price complex path … generalized to a wider class of local-stochastic volatility models. We illustrate the effectiveness of the technique through some …