form adaptive expectations, based on an evolving individual mental model, their behaviour becomes much more interesting in … indicate that assumptions on bounded rationality, and on adaptive expectations are perfectly compatible with sound and …

We study the effect of communicating student-specific teacher expectations on academic performance. We randomize … whether students (a) receive high-performance expectations, (b) are additionally paired with a classmate for encouragement, (c …) receive information about past performance, or (d) receive no message. Expectations increase math scores by 0.19σ, with …

return beliefs mirrors the importance of exerting self-control, such that return expectations first increase as the exam … find this prediction confirmed: average subjective expectations of returns increase by about 20% over the period before the …

unconventional policies that aim to increase households' spending directly through managing their expectations. We first show … theoretically and empirically that higher in ation expectations increase households' consumption. We then design a difference … demand via managing expectations. Whereas unconventional fiscal policy increases households' expectations and spending …

unconventional policies that aim to increase households' spending directly through managing their expectations. We first show … theoretically and empirically that higher in ation expectations increase households' consumption. We then design a difference … demand via managing expectations. Whereas unconventional fiscal policy increases households' expectations and spending …

return beliefs mirrors the importance of exerting self-control, such that return expectations first increase as the exam … find this prediction confirmed: average subjective expectations of returns increase by about 20% over the period before the …

Theory predicts a number of mechanisms through which survival expectations influence retirement decisions: a wealth … Ageing to test whether the timing of retirement is responsive to subjective survival expectations. Measurement error in … concave relationship between the propensity to retire and survival expectations. Men who are extremely pessimistic about their …

This paper incorporates expectations of near-future business cycles in a real business cycle model. The model has …

conditions. For example, one typically needs panel data on consumption, assumptions on expectations, and a parameterization of … and expectations. The results suggest that individually measured welfare functions and expectations have predictive power …