I quantify and analyze the gender gap in the representation of economists on Wikipedia. For a large sample of actively …-publishing economists I document that women are less than half as likely to have a biographical entry on the English-language Wikipedia than … a wide set of authors' characteristics. I find that female economists were, even when conditioning on a wide set of …

non-financial incentives and test their effect on effort and performance of students. Our identification strategy exploits … cross-cohort experimental variation in assessment rules and within course variation in incentives to determine their impact … on the performance in exams. We find these incentives to result in an increase in grades of 2.4 marks or about 4%. The …

The provision of non-pecuniary incentives in education is a topic that has received much scholarly attention lately …. Our paper contributes to this discussion by investigating the effectiveness of grade incentives in increasing student … that relative grading, by creating a rank-order tournament in the classroom, provides stronger incentives for male students …