This paper analyzes the inner workings of cartels. To understand how sanctioning institutions prevent cartel formation … suggests that sanctions are effective in hindering cartel formation not only because they introduce a risk of being fined but …

This paper sheds new light on the role of communication for cartel formation. Using machine learning to evaluate free … cartel formation and indirect attempts to collude tacitly. We document that firms are less likely to communicate explicitly … sanctions on communication reinforces the direct cartel-deterring effect of sanctions as collusion is more difficult to reach …

This paper sheds new light on the role of communication for cartel formation. Using machine learning to evaluate free … cartel formation and indirect attempts to collude tacitly. We document that firms are less likely to communicate explicitly … sanctions on communication reinforces the direct cartel-deterring effect of sanctions as collusion is more difficult to reach …

cartel formation, cartel stability and cartel recidivism. The program leads to lower prices for three reasons. First, non …-cooperators are more persistent in their behavior which effectively blocks cartel formation in their respective groups. Second …, members of groups that do form a cartel defect more often thus reducing the average cartel lifetime. Third, the difference …

innocuous communication and communication about a cartel, sanctioning only the latter. To this aim, we introduce a participant …

fines, leniency programs, and reward schemes for whistleblowers on firms' decision to form cartels (cartel deterrence) and …

We experimentally study the effect of information about competitors ́actions on cartel stability and firms ́incentives …