wide application of these methods as a "credibility revolution" in econometrics that has finally provided persuasive … crisis in econometrics. …

candidate is expectations: what people expect could affect how they feel about what actually occurs. In a real-effort experiment …, we manipulate the rational expectations of subjects and check whether this manipulation influences their effort provision …-based reference-dependent preferences: if expectations are high, subjects work longer and earn more money than if expectations are low. …

) expectations. Our results show that introspection causally increases cooperation. Both home-grown idealism and the experiences with …

effect of algorithmic traders we use a design where we manipulate only the expectations of human traders. We find clearly …