Numerous studies show that people exhibit systematic errors when they have to judge facts ex post. They consider events ex post to be more forseeable then they actually were. This so-called Hindsight Bias occurs even within expert, including judges.

We explore the role of cognitive dissonance in dictator and public goods games. Specifically, we motivate cognitive dissonance between one's perception of “fair treatment” and self-interested behaviour by having participants answer a question about fairness. Utilizing two manipulations...