When affirmative action policies target more than one disadvantaged group, they contain uncertainty as to whether an … individual who belongs to one of these groups was actually favored. In a laboratory experiment, we study how this feature affects … identity that triggers affirmative action is made salient, affirmed individuals are wrongly perceived as less competent, both …

consequences? In a laboratory experiment, we study three different quota rules that favor individuals whose performance is low … coincide with a higher willingness to compete and less retaliation against winners. No policy harms overall efficiency or post-competition …

consequences? In a laboratory experiment, we study three different quota rules that favor individuals whose performance is low … coincide with a higher willingness to compete and less retaliation against winners. No policy harms overall efficiency or post-competition …

consequences? In a laboratory experiment, we study three different quota rules in tournaments that favor individuals whose … matter for the consequences of affirmative action. No policy harms overall productivity or post-competition teamwork, but …

oneself (self-competition), similar to what is found whencompeting against others (other-competition). In one laboratory and … and suggest that these factorscan account for the different findings. Finally, we document that self-competition does … noworse than other-competition in terms of performance boosting. …

correlated with choosing to enter the voluntary competition for women. In Experiment 2 we exogenously induce stress using the … explain the gender gap in competitiveness. Experiment 1 studies whether stress responses (measured with salivary cortisol and … through self-assessment) to taking part in a mandatory competition predict individual willingness to participate in a …

uncertainty affects work performance and willingness to compete in the field, it can be studied in a controlled lab experiment. We … willingness to enter competition with uncertainty and ambiguity, but men react slightly more than women. Overall, both effects … present a novel experiment where subjects can compete against each other, but where the number of winners is either uncertain …

uncertainty affects work performance and willingness to compete in the field, it can be studied in a controlled lab experiment. We … willingness to enter competition with uncertainty and ambiguity, but men react slightly more than women. Overall, both effects … present a novel experiment where subjects can compete against each other, but where the number of winners is either uncertain …