We examine destination market switching (DMS) in exports and the possible mechanisms behind, using Chinese cases and data. We find that DMS is pervasive and frequent among Chinese exporters, especially among multi-destination exporters, and implicit switching plays a key role. The switching...

We examine the effects of unionization in the host country on a firm's choices of entry mode when serving a foreign market, i.e., its incentives for exporting, green-field FDI and merger. If, due to government regulations the merged firm must operate a plant in the host country, we find that the...

The Belt and Road Initiative (BRI) initiated by China in 2013 is a new experiment in regional cooperation, which aims to improve infrastructure connectivity through investment. This paper investigates whether the BRI created exports for its member states (excluding China), based on a...