We investigate the degree of “Exports of Goods and Services” for 27 European Countries in the period 2010-2019 with an equation of 48 variables. Data are estimated with Panel Data with Fixed Effects, Panel Data with Random Effects, Pooled OLS and WLS. We found that the “Exports of Goods...

Empirical findings across many nations show that exporters have superior productivity compared to non-exporters and that this relationship is driven by productive firms becoming exporters. The conclusion drawn from these studies is that there is little learning from exporting. We, however,...

Foreign currency reserves are of great significance to any developing country's economic growth prospects. Exports have been for long decades regarded as a major source of foreign currency and a driving force for economic growth. This paper empirically examines the export-led growth paradigm for...

After the global financial crisis, both export growth and economic growth have trended downward, while exports’ contributions to percentage change in GDP fell off markedly after 2011. For this study, we adopted an export multiplier approach by which exports’ indirect effects on the domestic...

Digital technology has penetrated various fields, including international trade. This study aims to analyze how barriers/openness to trade in digital services affected exports before the COVID-19 pandemic (2015-2016) and during the pandemic (2019-2020). Based on the Gravity model, exports seem...

In recent years, companies in the pharmaceutical industry have been confronted with a turbulent environment characterized by dynamism, complexity and uncertainty. To cope with these changes and achieve improved performance, these companies must generate the ability to make appropriate changes in...

This paper examines the determinants of China's financial aid to oil/minerals exporting African countries. By using China's loan data obtained from the China Africa Research Initiative, Johns Hopkins University and UN-COMTRADE product data classified into oil/minerals, agriculture and...

Coal consumption and production have sharply declined in recent years in the U.S., despite political support. Reasons are mostly unfavorable economic conditions for coal, including competition from natural gas and renewables in the power sector, as well as an aging coal- fired power plant fleet....

This paper presents a study on the importance of copper production in the State of Sonora, Mexico. Important data will be presented with total relevance to the current economic framework in which it will be possible to determine through a thorough investigation the reason why Sonora as a state...

Coal consumption and production have sharply declined in recent years in the U.S., despite political support. Reasons are mostly unfavorable economic conditions for coal, including competition from natural gas and renewables in the power sector, as well as an aging coal- fired power plant fleet....