industries, which account for 45% of all Spanish exports. Finally, granularity explains around one-third of the growth in Spanish …Using data for all exporters, we show that it is a small group of firms that dominate exports in Spain. For example, in … 2015 the top 200 firms were responsible for half of Spanish exports. This concentration has not changed substantially over …

increases employment and average wages. Gains in productivity and employment are particularly large when firms enter exports …

productivity premium of direct exporters only. While other studies have shown that exports by trade intermediaries increase with …

trade cost for large trading firms leads to an increase in export intensity (i.e., exports over total sales). Such results …

and import patterns. Exports of the products shipped from EPZs increase throughout the province, with the largest gains in …

sector outlook. This article estimates the effect of tariffs on Spanish non-energy, non-EU goods exports drawing on data … by another country on a Spanish product entails a reduction in nominal exports of around 0.6%. Protectionist risks …