where other firms are subsidized. These negative externalities depend on the share of firms that receive subsidies in the … competitive. We implement an approach that allows for the joint estimation of direct and indirect effects of subsidies on … subsidized and non-subsidized firms. We find that firms that receive subsidies experience a boost for productivity. However, our …

(renewable energy deployment) or upstream development and manufacturing of those technologies. The use of subsidies …-particularly upstream ones-is disciplined by World Trade Organization agreements, and its subsidies code lacks exceptions for transboundary … externalities like human health or resource conservation, including those related to combating global climate change. The strategic …

where other firms are subsidized. These negative externalities depend on the share of firms that receive subsidies in the … competitive. We implement an approach that allows for the joint estimation of direct and indirect effects of subsidies on … subsidized and non-subsidized firms. We find that firms that receive subsidies experience a boost for productivity. However, our …