How and when does followers’ upward hostile behavior contribute to the emergence of abusive supervision? Although from a normative or ethical point of view, supervisors should refrain from displaying abusive supervision, in line with a social exchange perspective, we argue that abusive...

This study explores causes of conflicts and conflict management in change initiatives in Tanzanian universities. Top managers, deans and academic staff (N=56) in three universities were interviewed. The findings reveal that directive leadership processes, lack of needs fulfillment and poor...

This study explores leadership styles employed in fulfilling employee needs and managing conflicts in the process of inducing changes in Tanzanian universities. Top managers, deans and academic staff in three universities were interviewed (N= 56). The findings reveal that leaders preferred...