process is made possible by new technologies that permit spatial fragmentation of production and value chain, as well as …

of multinational enterprises is presented. This analysis serves as the foundation for a discussion of fragmentation …—and the increased use of traded services in the fragmentation process—in four different manufacturing value chains (apparel … international nature of fragmentation, in part the result of services liberalisation, has redefined the way in which many …

fragmentation of production and reduction in the cost of transport and communications. The power of firms is increased to the …

covered European Union Topics Macroeconomic Analysis and Policy Is there evidence of increasing fragmentation in the banking … system of the euro area? (by Olga Pindyuk; pp. 11-13) Keywords banking system, integration, fragmentation Countries covered …

way, we supply a first result supporting the hypothesis of an international fragmentation of production. To offer this …

environment in the context of a model that integrates standard factor endowment theory (FET) with the pollution haven hypothesis … (PHH). Both FET and PHH imply that inward investment burdens the environment while outward investment is favorable for … between trade in goods and inward FDI on the environment. In particular, the interaction is positive under the former and …