as childcare and leave policies interaction. The findings from the fixed effects model reveal that childcare coverage for … gap in employment. The impact of the leaves depends, however, on childcare availability: long maternity leaves combined … with high childcare coverage lead to greater employment gap than when the coverage is low. The results do not prove that …

residence and fathers' childcare hours during a regular weekday. We explore the short-term gender and SP group associations with … childcare even in shared parenting settings and/or fail to redirect released childcare time to the labor market. Our data …

Policies that extend the school day in elementary school provide an implicit childcare subsidy for families. As such … childcare is likely to be one of the mechanisms that relaxed restrictions to marriage dissolution. …

We study the effect of institutional childcare on child penalties. Using Swiss administrative data, we exploit the … staggered opening of childcare facilities across municipalities in the canton of Bern. We find that the presence of childcare … facilities in the year of birth of the first child reduces the child penalty. The availability of childcare increases maternal …