Background: The innovativeness of founders and their heirs and family businesses (FBs) is a relatively unexplored field of research, and its understanding is incomplete and inconsistent. Objectives: The goal is to compare the founders' innovativeness and investigate the relationship of life-long...

Spin-offs refer to the creation of new firms by employees breaking off from existing firms to give birth to companies of their own. However, this phenomenon has not been predominantly observed in the context of family businesses. Employment in the family firm creates an expectation that family...