The conversion of industrial paper sludge to ethanol was simulated using engineering process simulation software loaded with laboratory generated conversion data and financially analyzed. In one scenario, sludge is fractionated to remove ash, generating a higher concentration carbohydrate stream...

Performing the bioethanol production process at high solids loading is a requirement for economic feasibility at industrial scale. So far this has successfully been achieved using wheat straw and other agricultural residues at 30% of water insoluble solids (WIS), but for softwood species (i.e....

Pretreatment with three green cellulose solvents, N-methylmorpholine-N-oxide (NMMO), 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium acetate ([EMIM][OAc]), and 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium acetate ([BMIM][OAc]) were used for improvement of ethanol production. Spruce chips and powder were pretreated at 120°C for 1,...