This paper analyzes household fertility and child occupation decisions in a risky environment. Fertility decisions are … made first, when only the distribution of shocks is known. When shocks are realized and fertility is fixed, parents adapt … by allocating children's occupations, i.e. school, paid work and domestic chores. Fertility is decreasing with the shock …

Twin births are often used to instrument fertility to address (negative) selection of women into fertility. However …, twin-IV estimates will tend to be upward biased. This is pertinent given the emerging consensus that fertility has limited …

This paper investigates the effect of education on fertility under inflexible labor market conditions. We exploit … complementary data sets, we examine different fertility outcomes over the life cycle. In contrast to evidence for other developed … countries, we find that increased education causally reduces completed fertility. This negative effect operates through a …

. In contrast to studies for other developed countries, we find a significant negative effect of education on fertility … the particularly high opportunity costs of child-rearing in Germany. -- fertility ; education ; timing of births …

Decisions concerning marriage, fertility, participation, and the education of children are explained using a two … fertility and female labour market participation, negative until the mid-1970s, has turned positive where developed, but not …

Population policies are defined here as voluntary programs which help people control their fertility and expect to … improve their lives. There are few studies of the long-run effects of policy-induced changes in fertility on the welfare of … contraception or age-specific fertility. The dearth of long-run family planning experiments has led economists to consider …