, where violence is endemic and are particularly pronounced among children of poorly educated mothers, implying that violence … compounds the disadvantage that these children already suffer as a result of their households' lower socioeconomic status. Our … areas of Brazil. …

, where violence is endemic and are particularly pronounced among children of poorly educated mothers, implying that violence … compounds the disadvantage that these children already suffer as a result of their households' lower socioeconomic status. …

health and women's earnings following IVF birth, along-side an increase in subsequent fertility. We provide the first …

births of 63%. This narrowed differences in health between IVF and non- IVF births by 53%, and differences in the labor … market outcomes of mothers three years after birth by 85%. For first time mothers it also narrowed the gap in maternal health …, reducing hospitalization costs and the foregone income of mothers and improving the long-run socioeconomic outcomes of children …

births of 63%. This narrowed differences in health between IVF and non-IVF births by 53%, and differences in the labor market … outcomes of mothers three years after birth by 85%. For first time mothers, it also narrowed the gap in maternal health between …, reducing hospitalization costs and the foregone income of mothers and improving the long-run socioeconomic outcomes of children …

health of existing children. We conclude that the effects on health are not severely biased; however, the large negative … mechanisms behind these effects are, however, still largely unknown. In this paper, we examine birth-order effects on health, and … whether health at young age could be a transmission channel for birth-order effects observed later in life. Our results show …

test for reverse causality by estimating fertility responses to the health of existing children. We conclude that the … health, and whether health at young age could be a transmission channel for birth-order effects observed later in life. We … find no support for the birth-order effect having a biological origin; rather firstborns have worse health at birth. This …

identify substantial improvements in women's earnings following IVF birth, alongside improvements in maternal and child health …

outcomes. We ask whether birth order differences in health are present at birth using matched administrative data for more than … 1,000,000 children born in Denmark between 1981 and 2010. Using family fixed effects models, we find a positive and … robust birth order effect; lower parity children are less healthy at birth. Looking at the potential mechanisms, we find that …