Demand and supply are often asymmetric, that is, cross-price effects are not equal over all commodities Because of asymmetry, conventional surplus maximization formulations cannot be employed to compute a competitive market equilibrium Thid article compares alternative formulations under a...

We developed a theoretical model of state-level entrepreneurship activity, as measured independently by firm creation, patent applications and presence of 500Inc. firms. We estimated the roles of innovations, financial capital, state resources and entrepreneurial climate. The empirical results...

This paper provides a farm sector comparison of levels of capital input for fourteen OECD countries for the period 1973-2002. The starting point for construction of a measure of capital input is the measurement of capital stock. Estimates of depreciable capital are derived by representing...

This study examines the impact of distance among competing bank locations on market their pricing behavior. A general spatial autoregressive model that nests both spatial autoregressive and spatial error models is used to examine the impact of distance on pricing behavior of 686 non-metro banks...

A common problem in agricultural credit markets in developing countries is the coexistence of a competitive market equilibrium interest rate and credit rationing. The literature typically explains the existence of credit rationing in competitive credit markets using adverse selection and moral...

In many studies the assumption is made that traders only encounter one type of price risk. In reality, however, traders are exposed to multiple price risks, and often have several relevant derivative instruments available with which to hedge price uncertainty. In this study, commodity, foreign...

We search for evidence consistent with the notion that endogenous credit constraints play a role in cattle cycles. Beef cow inventories are found to be more sensitive to credit constraints during periods of falling than rising asset values. Inventories of heifer replacements exhibit only weak...

Efficient operation of agricultural credit markets is very important both for the producer as well as for the policy makers. DEA approach is used to calculate productivity analysis which allows decomposition of sources of productivity changes into efficiency and technical change. Measured...

The study identifies important criteria that should be used by lenders in risk-rating of their farm customers. Comparisons of model results are made to assess how robust model results are over time. Linear and logistic regression is used to determine that the debt-to-asset ratio is a major...

In this paper, we examine the contract design problem of banks that extend loans to poor borrowers and seek to maximize outreach while remaining financially sustainable. A dynamic model is developed that shows how interest rates can be determined based on information about productivity and...