The argument in favor of gradual - but sustained - financial reform is based on two factors. First, the development of borrower net worth will determine the health of the real and, ultimately, the financial sector. Thus, speeding up reforms when borrower net worth is subject to positive shocks -...

Financial liberalization was carried out during a period when the nonfinancial corporate sector was in financial distress due to reduced profitability. The consequent emergence of substantial nonperforming loans in the banking sector, especially among smaller banks, created fierce competition...

This paper is about financial flows in developing countries. It reviews the evidence on who the borrowers and lenders are. Apart from collecting and summarizing available data from some seventeen countries, the paper presents the results of an econometric analysis of the interactions between the...