In this paper we examine various types of financial crises and conjecture its underlying mechanisms using a deterministic heterogeneous agent model (HAM). In a market-maker framework, forward-looking investors update their price expectation according to psychological trading windows and cluster...

Generalized with the regime-dependent beliefs and regime-switching dynamics, the simple market-maker framework established by Day and Huang (1990) is capable to model all types of crises, that is, sudden crisis, disturbing crisis and smooth crisis, and to offer economic and dynamic...