International Monetary Fund. The countries with crises have been analysed with respect to publicly available World Bank indicators … significant differences with respect to World Bank good governance indicator values for the period before the crisis. Control of … corruption, rule of law, and government effectiveness are the indicators which are statistically different for these sets of …

about the effect of the pandemic for longer-term outcomes such as corruption. We look at the historical data on political … and economic crises to assess what we can learn from the long-term effects of past crises on corruption. We hypothesize … corruption. We test our hypotheses using panel data for over 100 countries during the years 1800- 2020. The results suggest …