Chapter 1 Introduction -- Chapter 2 Impact of the 2008 Global Financial Crisis -- Chapter 3 National Intellectual Capital Development in the Six Latin American Countries -- Chapter 4 Beyond the 2008 Global Financial Crisis -- Chapter 5 Future Perspective and Policy Implication Prospects.

During banking crises, regulators often relax their normal requirements and refrain from closing financially troubled banks. I estimate the real effects of such regulatory forbearance by comparing differences in state-level economic outcomes by the amount of forbearance extended during the U.S....